Catalyst

The ongoing credit crunch has put the brakes on large chemical M&A deals. Activity has slowed after a frenzied spring and early summer that saw $1-billion-plus deals frequently surface. Investment banks still need to place $200 billion-$300 billion in leveraged buyout (LBO) financing that was committed before credit markets froze in July. Banks are reluctant to fund further big deals until those loans clear, analysts say. Among big industry deals in the pipeline are Basell’s pending acquisition of Lyondell Chemical, which has $21 billion in debt financing attached, and Apollo Management’s planned acquisition of Huntsman, through its Hexion unit, valued at $10 billion including debt.

“In practical terms this means that for the next few quarters we may not see another Hexion-Hunstman transaction sponsored by a large private equity fund,” says Chris Cerimele, senior v.p. at Lincoln International. “At least, probably not in the U.S.”

Attention and activity is shifting toward deals in the middle market, or those with lower price tags. “Funding is still available for smaller deals, it’s just that the loan cost is 150 basis points (1.5 percentage points) more expensive than it was earlier in the year,” says one executive at a private equity firm that targets transactions as large as $500 million.

Deal structures are changing and terms have become more “lender friendly,” Cerimele says. “Previously a single lender would fully underwrite a deal and then syndicate post-closing,” he says. However, “we are now seeing the return of club deals, with pre-close syndication required,” he adds. Buyers are putting up more equity, and loan pricing is higher, Cerimele says. “Covenants, which had begun to disappear during the height of the market in the first half of 2007, are now reappearing,” he says.

Chemical makers, particularly those with strong balance sheets, appear better positioned now that private equity faces financing constraints. Producers say they are evaluating acquisitions, particularly bolt-on deals, but are, so far, still cautious. M&A activity is likely to be tempered by the credit crunch and concerns over the economic outlook, says Wesley Chinn, chemicals analyst with Standard and Poor’s (New York). “However, the shakeup in M&A appears to create some opportunities for chemical companies looking for strategic assets,” because firms previously faced stiff competition from private equity firms.